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Saturday, June 4, 2016

AIOU SOLVED ASSIGNMENT 519 TEACHING OF ENGLISH B.ED



SPRING 2016 ENGLISH FOR B.ED CODE 519 AIOU SOLVED ASSIGNMENT.

FOR Q # 1-2-3-4 PRESS CLICK HERE

The aiou solved assignment for your code 519 for the semester spring 2016 is available here and you students of Open University can find and write solved assignment for spring 2016. The solved question # 5 is available here which describes the objectives of audio-visual materials in teaching and more describes different types of boards and their use in teaching.


Q. 5:- Explain the specific objectives of audio-visual materials in teaching and describe different types of boards and their use in teaching. (20)
Teaching aids illustrate key points in lessons and rouse students' interests. The use of teaching aids dates back to as early as 150 B.C. with the Greeks. Visual, aural and technological aids evolved over time. Using a variety of teaching aids allows students to learn on many different levels. Early Use
Globes were among the first teaching aids. According to Bookrags.com, "The ancient Greeks realized that the earth was spherical and are known to have used globes as early as 150 B.C." Another early teaching aid was the hornbook, "which was used in English schools from the mid-1400s (and later in colonial America) through the early nineteenth century," Bookrags.com says. The hornbook was a flat board with paper pasted to it, and "a transparent piece of horn covered the paper to protect it." The blackboard evolved from the hornbook.
Visual Aids
The first teaching aids were predominantly visual like the abacus. The first teaching aids were predominantly visual aids. The blackboard changed education in 1801 because "teaching could be a tedious and challenging business for American teachers before the chalkboard was a teaching tool," according to Ergoindemand.com. Examples of other visual aids include models, drawings, specimens, blackboards, bulletin boards, flannel boards, magnetic boards, dry-erase boards, overhead transparencies, photographs and slides.
Aural Aids
One of the most essential parts of learning is listening. Radio and television entered the classroom after World War II. "Although instructional radio failed in the 1930s, instructional television was viewed with new hope (in the 1940s)," Michael Jeffries says in The History of Distance Education." Film was created in the early 1900s, but it "came into widespread classroom use in the 1940s and 1950s." Cassette tape recordings emerged to assist in teaching foreign languages in the 1960s. Today, "students can watch educational broadcasts to closed-circuit lectures on cable or satellite television; they can also view instructional videotapes and (DVDs), according to Bookrags.com."
Technological Aids
Personal computers and Internet access entered schools in the 1990s. Most U.S. classrooms had at least one computer by 1994, and within two years many schools began rewiring for the Internet. Computers and the Internet changed the way teaching aids are used in the classroom. According to Bookrags.com, "The teacher's changing role from knowledge provider to learning coach and facilitator requires the ability to guide students in making the best educational and informational use of technology." Technology no longer assists teachers; it often dominates the classroom. Our society has become so immersed in technology that it is nearly impossible to stimulate students without it.
Manipulatives
Manipulatives are tools used to make abstract concepts more real. These teaching aids help children understand mathematics by looking at it from different views, according to Marilyn Burns, founder of Math Solutions. Manipulatives may include Color tiles, pattern blocks, interlocking cubes and a variety of measuring tools, all of which the students can easily handle. One of the Common Core Standards of Mathematical Practice asks teachers to model with mathematics. Classroom teachers use manipulatives to achieve that goal. Burns recommends using manipulatives in all math classes from kindergarten to high school.
Electronics and Media
Teachers use interactive whiteboards, tablets and computers to stimulate their students and hold their attention with visuals. Taking students on a virtual tour of an Egyptian pyramid will make that fabled landmark come alive in a way no book can. Speaking via online video with volcanologists while they conduct research on an island volcano in the Pacific Northwest will make the entire class part of the adventure. An interactive whiteboard connects the teacher's computer to a projector, which he can use to show a lesson on a touch screen to the class. The interactive lesson allows students to manipulate objects on the screen. They become participants in active learning, rather than spectators in a passive process.
Graphic Organizers
Graphic organizers -- a visual graphic that helps organize students' thinking -- can be used in any subject matter. Students use them to organize their learning by constructing Venn diagrams, t-charts, story maps, flow charts and timelines. Once students organize their ideas, they can spot trends and patterns in the concepts.
Realia
Realia (objects from real life used in classroom instruction) and primary sources can assist with vocabulary development and background knowledge, according to "Visual Scaffolding." For example, students studying types of rocks can sort real rocks according to weight, color or texture.
Primary Sources
Primary sources are the original documents from a historical event. These pieces of living history gives students an opportunity to think critically about an event from the past by analyzing the document or picture.
Warning
Some students may rely too heavily on what teaching aids can provide, especially computers and the Internet. Having easy access to vast amounts of online information, but not enough guidance or encouragement for students to think for themselves, can lead to plagiarism. Bookrags.com says, "New learning aids that encourage students to think critically and creatively must be devised."
Seeing images of what's being taught is a powerful way to build student engagement and boost retention. Not only do they provide supplementary information to students, but the visual aids show images that allow them to connect a topic to what it looks like. Further, visual aids can promote deeper thinking and build overall critical thinking skills. In fact, bringing a visual aid into your classroom opens up a whole new realm of educational opportunities.
Improve Classroom Success
Showing students images can boost their understanding of a topic. For example, it can be tough for students to understand the concept of where a place is located just by hearing their teacher describe it. Showing students on a map will improve their success. Bringing visual elements into your classroom can also boost math and reading abilities, according to a 2008 article published in "Edutopia." The same article also notes that visual aids can help English-language learners build their vocabulary and writing skills. Showing students visual aids inspires creativity and deeper thinking, as well.
Build Student Interest and Engagement
Showing student’s visual images, such as maps, charts, graphs, photographs and pictures of people can help students get excited about a particular topic. When students are able to see a photograph of a famous explorer, for example, they're more likely to be engaged in finding out more about his contributions to history. This is also true for special-needs students, such as those on the autism spectrum, who often learn visually and have more trouble becoming engaged in a general classroom setting, according to Alyson Harris, writing for the Johns Hopkins School of Education.
Expand the Scope of What Can Be Learned there is only so much information a teacher can give students orally. Using visual aids greatly expands what kinds of information a teacher can pass on to her students. For example, hearing stories about the Oregon Trail can teach students some information, but seeing colorful maps showing the route they took or playing the popular computer game by the same name allows them to interact with the information and learn so much more. Showing students objects is another powerful way to teach, and can bring a subject alive. Showing students objects that are spheres or cylinders is more effective than telling the children what they look like and holding rocks in their hands expands how much can be learned about different types of rock formations.
Integrate Technology
In an ever-increasing technological world, schools must be prepared to help students learn how to use technology. Visual aids can help accomplish that goal. Many classrooms are installing interactive whiteboards, which show images, charts and graphs, but also allow students to move things around and touch items to learn more. PowerPoint presentations are a computer-generated visual aid that allows teachers to show photographs and other images to enhance a topic. Students can also use PowerPoint technology to prepare reports and presentations to share in class. Teachers can also bring in the internet by showing video clips and pictures to enhance classroom instructions.


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