AIOU SOLVED ASSIGNMENT 3 CODE 519 FOR B.ED. ~ AiouAssignments

SOLVED ASSIGNMENT 3 CODE 519 SPRING 2016

Aiou solved assignment 3 code 519 Teaching of English for B.ED students of Open University for the semester spring 2016. This solution of this assignment is in detailed form and complete to share with you and your friends. We also uploaded assignments # 1, 2 and 4 already. The solution of this assignment # 3 is as follow:-

Q # 1 TO 4 SOLVED ASSIGNMENT 3 CODE 519

Q. 5 What is meant by sentence structure? Make an analysis of different kinds of sentences with examples. (20)

Sentence structure:

Sentence structure deals with the formation of a sentence. A sentence is a condition of different words as a word is combination of different letters. When wish to say something about an object, we use a sentence. Therefore, the sentences may be regarded as the unit of combination. If then we wish to learn how to write a good paragraph and good essay, we must find of all learn how to write a good sentence? When letters join, they make word and when words join, they make sentence.

Basic word order:

When learning English it is important to master the basic-order. It is the grammatical relationship of word in a sentence, rather than the form of words, which makes one's English good or bad.

For example: in the following sentences the subject and object relationship between the thief and the policeman changes even with a sight change in the word order. "A thief stopped the policeman, "The policeman stopped a thief". The students therefore should pay full attention to the basic word order till he is sable to use various pattern of statements, commands and request quite easily.

The Qualities of a good sentence: The essentials of a good sentence are as under: Unity of sentence:

By unity we mean that a sentence should deal with one and not more than one main thought at a time. This does not mean that it must not contain more than one finite verb, but that all parts of a sentence should bear directly upon the main thought it is intended to convey.

Confused Construction:

Do not confuse different constructions or phases as, keep your body up right, like I do (in correct) Keep your body upright, as I do (correct)

Emphasis:

All ideas in a sentence are not of equal importance. They always arrises a necessity of emphasizing some of them. This emphasis can be secured in various ways, some of which are much more acceptable than other. The important are; (i) By understanding or printing in italics. (ii) By using impersonal constructions. (iii) By placing important words at the beginning or at the end of a sentence. (iv) By the repetition of a word or phrase. (v) By working use of the climax. (vi) By inverting the normal order of words.

Coherence:

It is a bad sentence if it not coherent. It means if its components are not arranged in logical order. Lack of coherence means lack of something and then there is.an action. The agent is called actor or to be more grammatical subject and his action is called verb. Separation of different parts of sentence(S+V+O)

Sub verb Object

The teacher seems happy

They wrote a letter

They painted their house

The student became teacher

Habitual present tense:

To write sentence in the habitual present tense S form is used with subjects he, she, it, third person (singular noun) with the rest form is used habitual present tense is a tense which shows an action as a custom, a routine work or a habit.

For example:

I usually take rest after the Zohar prayer, you always come late. Habitual present tense (time-word-time-words) like often sometimes never always usually and normally are used before the verb show a custom or habitual etc. Let us note that time-words like every morning, every week, every day, every year, every moth etc are used at the end of a sentence. For example: I go to college every day.

Special Points:

The S form spelling rules are three. S form spelling rules

1. The consonant "y" rules we change y to I and add "est" to make the -S form wnen a verb ends in a consonant letter y. For instant copy -copies-tries.

2. Special-S form rules:

It is used in case of the verb, have, which, becomes, has habitual present tense (Question sentences) Do and does are used to make question in the habitual present tense (question sentence) with it we use the root form of the verb; the helping verb are usually visit you! Do we often write letter to each other etc.

Negative Sentence:

Helping verb do not or does not are used to make negative sentences e.g. you do not always take interest in your work. He does not often send money to his children.

Continuous present tense:

The "ing" form of the verb is used in the continuous present tense. A tense which shows an action that is happening now e.g. the school bell is ringing now.

Affirmative sentences:

In continuous present tense we used the verb to be (is, are, an) and the present participle (ing-form)

The'ing'form spelling rules:

1. The 'e' rules: When a verb ends in 'e' we take it off and add ing to it, e.g. make - making. 2. The doubling rules: When a verb ends in one short vowel and one consonant, the double the consonant and add ' ing'.

For example: Hit - Hitting, Swimming etc. continuous present tense (question and negative sentence). For this purpose we bring the verb in beginning of the sentence and put a question mark at the end. For example: Are the students studying English right now? We use, not after the verb for a negative sentence e.g. the children are not playing with the toys. The past tense:

Affirmative sentences: The use simple past form of the verb m this tense i.e. I called him yesterday etc. Regular verb:

Verb that end in 'ed' in the past form are call/regular verb 'ed' makes three sounds granted /id/talked/+/ sprayed /d/ Past tense (question and negative sentences). We use the verb 'did' in the beginning of the sentence and root form of the verb to make question sentence. For example: Did you write a letter to our parents every week? We use 'did not' and the root form of the verb to make negative sentence e.g. I did not write a letter to him.

Use of verb passive voice:

The word or group of words that we speak about in a sentence is called the subjects. The predicate of a sentence in the word or group of words that tells us something about the subject. The object of a sentence is noun (or something that stands for a noun) that tells us the person (or thing) to whom the action of the verb happened. When the subject of the sentence is the doer of the action, we say the verb is the active voice. When the subject of the sentence is the receiver of the action, we say the verb is the passive voice.

For example: He writes a letter (A letter is written by him). The subject in the passive voice sentence in the singular number, we use the singular verb 'was' and the past participial (written) of the verb. If subject of the passive sentence is in the plural number, we used to plural verb 'were' and the past participial (eaten, answered, built) e.g.

Active voice: The boys ate all the cakes. Passive voice: All the cakes were eaten by the boys. Only transitive verb can be used in the passive voice. The subject in the passive sentence is formed by the object in the active one.

Kinds of sentences:

Tenses are the basic structure of a language. We can't understand any language completely without knowing the basic principles of grammar. There are three person (1st, 2nd, 3rd person).

Singular plural 1st Person I We 2nd Person you, they you, they 3rd Person He, She, It They, Their

Negative sentence (opposite of positive or affirmative, indicates no or not)

Affirmative or positive (A positive sentence in which the sense of yes, is conveyed)

Interrogative sentence:

A sentence in which a question is asked. It needs a question mark (?). There three kinds of tense. Present, past, future. Different forms of tenses are listed here.

1. Simple presents (present tense) or present indefinite, present continuous, present perfect.

2. Present perfect continuous tense

3. Past tense: (Simple past tense, past continuous, past perfect, past perfect continuous tense)

4. Future tense: (Simple future, past future, future perfect, future perfect continuous tense) conditional tense, Hypothetical conditional, present time, past time, future time tenses are the kinds of tense.